Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration both use a H+ gradient to initiate ATP production. They also both use chemiosmosis and potential energy from the H+ gradient. Furthermore, both photosynthesis and cellular respiration convert energy to usable energy as well as making ATP. Additionally, they both use an Electron Transport Chain and some sort of final acceptor molecule. Lastly, they both use oxidation reactions and reduction reactions.
Differences of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are that photosynthesis used NADPH while cellular respiration uses NADH. Photosynthesis doesn't have FADH2 like cellular respiration does and photosynthesis is only in plants while cellular respiration is in both plants and animals. Photosynthesis needs light to work while cellular respiration does not. Cellular respiration happens in or near the mitochondria while photosynthesis happens in the chloroplast. Cellular respiration is an exergonic reaction while photosynthesis is an endergonic reaction. Cellular respiration's products are Carbon dioxide and water while photosynthesis's products are glucose and oxygen.
references:
google images
bio book
http://www.worsleyschool.net/science/files/photosynthesis/page.html
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/photosynthesis-and-cellular-respiration.html
http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/kling/energyflow/psn_primer.html
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